Abstract: Even if measuring the outcome of binary classifications is a pivotal task in machine learning and statistics, no consensus has been reached yet about which statistical rate to employ to this ...

Adam Hayes, Ph.D., CFA, is a financial writer with 15+ years Wall Street experience as a derivatives trader. Besides his extensive derivative trading expertise, Adam is an expert in economics and ...

Scott Nevil is an experienced writer and editor with a demonstrated history of publishing content for Investopedia. He goes in-depth to create informative and actionable content around monetary policy ...

Abstract: An interval-valued Pythagorean hesitant fuzzy set (IVPHFS) not only can be regarded as the union of some interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy sets but also represent the Pythagorean hesitant ...