At just 25, Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin applied quantum physics to a treasure trove of astronomical observations to show that stars are mostly hydrogen and helium.

The engineering landscape is shifting fast. Technologies keep evolving, and industries now want engineers who don’t just know ...

Adam Hayes, Ph.D., CFA, is a financial writer with 15+ years Wall Street experience as a derivatives trader. Besides his extensive derivative trading expertise, Adam is an expert in economics and ...

This section focuses on the key features and methods for working with linear graphs. It demonstrates how to sketch graphs from rules, derive rules from graphs, and calculate key features such as the ...

Our teacher already knows there is a positive relationship between how much time was spent on an essay and the grade the essay gets, but we’re going to need some data to demonstrate this properly.

Abstract: The discovery of causal relationships from the observational data is an important task. To identify the unique causal structure belonging to a Markov equivalence class, a number of ...

Causal inference is known to be very challenging when only observational data are available. Randomized experiments are often costly and impractical and in instrumental variable regression the number ...

Simultaneous linear equations are used to model situations where two relationships must be satisfied at the same time. These problems often involve two interdependent variables, such as comparing ...

An illustration of a magnifying glass. An illustration of a magnifying glass.

A seasonal index is a way of measuring the seasonal variation -- that is, to measure the change that is due to seasonal changes in demand -- of a variable, typically sales. For example, a beachfront ...

Graphing an equation is an essential skill in mathematics, as it helps us visualize the relationships between variables. There are several techniques that can be employed to make graphing easier and ...

Brain teasers are a favourite pastime of many. Probably, this is why posts featuring them gain traction online. And if you are also looking for a brain teaser to pass your leisure time, then we have ...