Calculate annual % change by dividing start by end value, raising to inverse years, minus one, times 100. Ex: a drop from $15M to $10M over 2 years is a 18.4% average annual decline. This calculation ...

To calculate a price-weighted average, sum the stock prices and divide by the number of stocks. This average reflects changes in higher-priced stocks more than lower-priced ones. Use price-weighted ...

As human activities intensify, ecosystems are constantly being polluted by microplastics, which may change the microbe-driven nitrogen cycling and associated nitrous oxide emissions therein. However, ...

Please note that currently only 13C is implemented as a tracer, and correction can only be done on low resolution LC-/GCMS data.

We show you how to copy a formula in Excel without changing cell references, using mixed references and simple techniques to keep your formulas intact when moving or auto-filling. Microsoft Excel is a ...

The one word that captures Africa’s energy potential is abundance. The continent holds 125 billion barrels of proven oil reserves (7.2% of global reserves) and is home to 620 trillion cubic feet of ...

The term that began as a half-serious inside joke on tech message boards to describe the odds that AI destroys humankind, has broken into the mainstream. The buzzword ...

In chemistry, percent abundance refers to the percentage of each isotope of an element occurring in nature. Isotopes are different forms of an element that have the same number of protons but ...

Isotopes are variants of chemical elements that contain the same number of protons but differ in the number of neutrons within their nucleus. This leads to a slightly different atomic mass for each ...