You can use Excel, Microsoft's spreadsheet program, to store, organize, and analyze data in a number of ways.
The simplest way to think about SCAN is that it applies a custom calculation to each element in a range/array and returns every intermediate result it produces along the way. If that sounds abstract, ...
The GEOMEAN and HARMEAN are advanced statistical functions that typically require a deeper understanding of mathematics. This is probably why they aren't taught as often as the AVERAGE function.