Mass air flow sensors fail most often in cars but a $20 air filter replacement every 12,000 miles prevents the $250-400 repair bills most drivers face.

Symptoms of a malfunctioning NOx sensor include increased fuel consumption, as well as reduced power and acceleration. If a sensor fails, it will also trigger an on-board diagnostic (OBD) code, ...

Abstract: Accurate rotor position is essential for PMSM to execute vector control. The resolver and encoder have been most commonly employed, however, the bulk mass usually limit their further ...

Abstract: Reliable rotor position information is essential for accurate commutation control of motor drive system. Traditionally, hall sensors have been widely used to obtain rotor position ...