Gas phase calculations at 1 atmosphere pressure between 300 and 1500 K at 200 K intervals were conducted using the Gaussian-4 (G4) composite method level of theory on a representative set of reactions ...

The course introduces fundamental thermodynamic principles presented from a chemical engineering perspective. The first and second law of thermodynamics, PV relationships for real and ideal fluids and ...

Hess’s Law states that the enthalpy change for a chemical reaction is independent of the route taken. This means that the enthalpy change for the overall process will be identical regardless of how ...

Energy is required to break a covalent bond between two atoms to overcome the attractive force. Bond breaking is an endothermic process. The opposite is true if we want to make new bonds. Energy is ...