Part 3 examines how a varying power supply voltage effects the output of a basic op amp circuit. Part 4 offers a cautionary tale on using op amp macromodels – what you see in your simulation is ...

Learn how to measure current and voltage and the advantages of parallel circuits.

Many designs require precise voltage-controlled current sources, especially in the presence of variable loads. Common approaches, which use a few op amps and a handful of passive components, have ...

Author Mazi Hosseini describes a simple, low-cost, voltage-controlled current source using two op amps that provides a good range of current and maximum load.

Measuring a voltage is pretty easy: just place your multimeter’s probes across the relevant pins and read the value. Probing currents is a bit trickier, since you need to open up the circuit … ...

Current In a closed circuit that includes a source of potential difference (voltage) there will be a current flowing around the circuit.