The word 'probability' in ordinary language has two different senses, here called "inductive" and "physical" probability. This paper examines the concept of inductive probability. Attempts to express ...

Johannes von Kries's Spielraum-theory is regarded as one of the most important philosophical contributions of the nineteenth century to an objective interpretation of probability.

It’s a tree.) Recognizing that aggressive synchronized central bank tightening elevates recession risk, we have augmented the presentation of our modal forecast with a probability tree ...

Explain why probability is important to statistics and data science. See the relationship between conditional and independent events in a statistical experiment. Calculate the expectation and variance ...