Binary arithmetic is simulated by packing 32 bits into a single 32 bit integer and then performing bitwise XNOR operations.

1. Introduction The conventional floating-point operation system specified in IEEE Standard 754 comprises binary-number operation systems corresponding to data representation formats such as a ...

Binary arithmetic, the basis of all virtually digital computation today, is usually said to have been invented at the start of the eighteenth century by the German mathematician Gottfried Leibniz.