In the simple circuit shown in Figure 9.9 (the case shown is for an NPN transistor, but a virtually identical circuit, but with negative supply rails, could be made with a similar PNP transistor), the ...

[Kevin Darrah] wanted to make a simple 3.3V regulator without using an integrated circuit. He wound up using two common NPN transistors and 4 1K resistors. The circuit isn’t going to beat out a ...

However, as is sometimes the case, you can replace a complicated circuit by a simple one without much loss of performance. For example, transistors and resistors replace the entire IC (Figure 1). The ...

NPN transistors are key components in electronics, used as switches or amplifiers with three legs: base, collector, and emitter. Thyristors are semiconductor switches with three legs: gate, anode ...

Transistors leverage multiple PN junctions. In a BJT, for example, an NPN transistor has a thin P-type base between an N-type emitter and N-type collector.