But there’s a catch—it has historically only worked when things are in or near a state of thermodynamic equilibrium. At its core, that means the temperature of a system is consistent throughout. There ...

A brief look into the laws of thermodynamics and how they govern the work done by machines. The Laws of Thermodynamics are the foundation of heat transfer and energy work. When any engineer is ...

Thermodynamic properties play a central role in understanding electrochemical systems, offering insights into the energy exchanges and phase equilibria governing material behaviour. Advances in ...

The study of small systems has catalysed a deeper understanding of thermodynamic phenomena, particularly where traditional bulk assumptions begin to fail. Recent theoretical and experimental ...

Harnessing quantum states that avoid thermalization enables energy harvesters to surpass traditional thermodynamic limits ...

Most thermodynamic measurements of binding reactions rely on the validity of the law of mass action and the assumption of a dilute solution. Yet, important biological systems such as allosteric ligand ...

Researchers have encountered a partial violation of the second law of thermodynamics in a quantum system known as Hofstadter lattice. This partial violation has no place within the framework of ...