Metamorphic rock is the result of the transformation of a pre-existing rock type, the protolith, in a process called metamorphism, which means "change in form". The protolith is subjected to heat and ...

If you’ve ever studied geography, looked at fossils in a museum, or even looked up at a craggy cliffside or a steep mountain, you’ll know that rocks usually take millions of years to form. However, ...

The discovery of tiny diamonds embedded in rock samples from northeastern Australia indicates that the geological past Australia’s eastern coast is more complex than previously thought. Metamorphic ...

A new study of rocks that formed billions of years ago lends fresh insight into how Earth's plate tectonics, or the movement of large pieces of Earth's outer shell, evolved over the planet's ...

Researchers have produced a new estimate for the origin of Earth's plate tectonics—the movement of large chunks of the planet's outer layer, or crust. Although there is broad consensus that plate ...

Sedimentary rocks are made up of pieces of older rocks (igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary) and organic remains (shells, bone, etc.). When rocks break apart from erosion they are transported by ...

High-pressure metamorphic rocks form during subduction of Earth’s crust to mantle depths at convergent plate margins. Their exposure at the surface of Earth today provides a record of the subduction ...

One of the main achievements in the Earth science is the development of plate tectonics theory in the 20 th century. It successfully explains the generation and extinction of oceanic plate from ...

Natalie Bursztyn does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond ...