Principal stresses are defined as the maximum and minimum normal stresses in a plane. Principal stresses are perpendicular to each other and oriented such that shear stresses are zero. For 3D stress ...

The Mathematical Gazette is the original journal of the Mathematical Association and it is now over a century old. Its readership is a mixture of school teachers, college and university lecturers, ...

SOME years ago you published some interesting communications in regard to the graphical solution of cubic and quartic equations (vol. lxi. p. 55, vol. lxiii. pp. 515 and 609, vol. lxiv. p. 5). The ...

Polynomial equations are a cornerstone of modern science, providing a mathematical basis for celestial mechanics, computer graphics, market growth predictions and much more. But although most high ...